如何快速使用mysqlreplicate搭建MySQL主从
简介
mysql-utilities工具集是一个集中了多种工具的合集，可以理解为是DBA的工具箱，本文介绍利用其中的mysqlreplicate工具来快速搭建MySQL主从环境。
HE1:192.168.1.248 slave
HE3:192.168.1.250 master
实战
Part1:安装mysql-utilities
[root@HE1 ~]# tar xvf mysql-utilities-1.5.4.tar.gz [root@HE1 ~]# cd mysql-utilities-1.5.4 [root@HE1 mysql-utilities-1.5.4]# python setup.py build [root@HE1 mysql-utilities-1.5.4]# python setup.py install
Part2:基本使用方式
[root@HE1 ~]# mysqlreplicate --help
MySQL Utilities mysqlreplicate version 1.5.4
License type: GPLv2
Usage: mysqlreplicate --master=root@localhost:3306 --slave=root@localhost:3310 --rpl-user=rpl:passwd
mysqlreplicate - establish replication with a master
Options:
--version show program's version number and exit
--help display a help message and exit
--license display program's license and exit
--master=MASTER connection information for master server in the form:
<user>[:<password>]@<host>[:<port>][:<socket>] or
<login-path>[:<port>][:<socket>] or <config-
path>[<[group]>].
--slave=SLAVE connection information for slave server in the form:
<user>[:<password>]@<host>[:<port>][:<socket>] or
<login-path>[:<port>][:<socket>] or <config-
path>[<[group]>].
--rpl-user=RPL_USER the user and password for the replication user
requirement, in the form: <user>[:<password>] or
<login-path>. E.g. rpl:passwd
-p, --pedantic fail if storage engines differ among master and slave.
--test-db=TEST_DB database name to use in testing replication setup
(optional)
--master-log-file=MASTER_LOG_FILE
use this master log file to initiate the slave.
--master-log-pos=MASTER_LOG_POS
use this position in the master log file to initiate
the slave.
-b, --start-from-beginning
start replication from the first event recorded in the
binary logging of the master. Not valid with --master-
log-file or --master-log-pos.
--ssl-ca=SSL_CA The path to a file that contains a list of trusted SSL
CAs.
--ssl-cert=SSL_CERT The name of the SSL certificate file to use for
establishing a secure connection.
--ssl-key=SSL_KEY The name of the SSL key file to use for establishing a
secure connection.
--ssl=SSL Specifies if the server connection requires use of
SSL. If an encrypted connection cannot be established,
the connection attempt fails. By default 0 (SSL not
required).
-v, --verbose control how much information is displayed. e.g., -v =
verbose, -vv = more verbose, -vvv = debug
-q, --quiet turn off all messages for quiet execution.
Part3:主库准备
主库创建复制用户
[root@HE3 ~]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 23329 Server version: 5.7.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> grant replication client,replication slave on *.* to 'mysync'@'%' identified by 'MANAGER'; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Part4:一键配置
从库进行配置主从执行如下命令 [root@HE1 ~]# mysqlreplicate --master=sys_admin:MANAGER@192.168.1.250:3306 --slave=sys_admin:MANAGER@192.168.1.248:3306 --rpl-user=mysync:MANAGER -b WARNING: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. # master on 192.168.1.250: ... connected. # slave on 192.168.1.248: ... connected. # Checking for binary logging on master... # Setting up replication... # ...done.
检查
Part1:mysqlrplcheck检查
[root@HE1 ~]# mysqlrplcheck --master=sys_admin:MANAGER@192.168.1.250:3306 --slave=sys_admin:MANAGER@192.168.1.248:3306 -s
WARNING: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
# master on 192.168.1.250: ... connected.
# slave on 192.168.1.248: ... connected.
Test Description Status
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Checking for binary logging on master [pass]
Are there binlog exceptions? [pass]
Replication user exists? [pass]
Checking server_id values [pass]
Checking server_uuid values [pass]
Is slave connected to master? [pass]
Check master information file [pass]
Checking InnoDB compatibility [pass]
Checking storage engines compatibility [pass]
Checking lower_case_table_names settings [pass]
Checking slave delay (seconds behind master) [pass]
#
# Slave status:
#
Slave_IO_State : Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host : 192.168.1.250
Master_User : mysync
Master_Port : 3306
Connect_Retry : 60
Master_Log_File : mysql-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos : 384741
Relay_Log_File : HE1-relay-bin.000004
Relay_Log_Pos : 384954
Relay_Master_Log_File : mysql-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running : Yes
Slave_SQL_Running : Yes
Replicate_Do_DB :
Replicate_Ignore_DB :
Replicate_Do_Table :
Replicate_Ignore_Table :
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table :
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table :
Last_Errno : 0
Last_Error :
Skip_Counter : 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos : 384741
Relay_Log_Space : 1743112
Until_Condition : None
Until_Log_File :
Until_Log_Pos : 0
Master_SSL_Allowed : No
Master_SSL_CA_File :
Master_SSL_CA_Path :
Master_SSL_Cert :
Master_SSL_Cipher :
Master_SSL_Key :
Seconds_Behind_Master : 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert : No
Last_IO_Errno : 0
Last_IO_Error :
Last_SQL_Errno : 0
Last_SQL_Error :
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids :
Master_Server_Id : 1250
Master_UUID : 1b1daad8-b501-11e6-aa21-000c29c6361d
Master_Info_File : /data/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay : 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay : None
Slave_SQL_Running_State : Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count : 86400
Master_Bind :
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp :
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp :
Master_SSL_Crl :
Master_SSL_Crlpath :
Retrieved_Gtid_Set :
Executed_Gtid_Set :
Auto_Position : 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB :
Channel_Name :
Master_TLS_Version :
# ...done.
其他常用工具
Part1:mysqldiskusage检查数据库空间大小
[root@HE1 ~]# mysqldiskusage --server=sys_admin:MANAGER@localhost WARNING: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. # Source on localhost: ... connected. # Database totals: +---------------------+--------------+ | db_name | total | +---------------------+--------------+ | maxscale_schema | 14,906 | | mysql | 14,250,013 | | performance_schema | 818,071 | | sys | 500,802 | | wms | 925,929,868 | +---------------------+--------------+ Total database disk usage = 941,513,660 bytes or 897.90 MB #...done.
Part2:mysqlindexcheck检查冗余索引
[root@HE1 ~]# mysqlindexcheck --server=sys_admin:MANAGER@localhost wms WARNING: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. # Source on localhost: ... connected. # The following index is a duplicate or redundant for table wms.auth_user: # CREATE UNIQUE INDEX `index_user_name` ON `wms`.`auth_user` (`user_name`) USING BTREE # may be redundant or duplicate of: CREATE INDEX `user_name` ON `wms`.`auth_user` (`user_name`, `state`) USING BTREE # The following index is a duplicate or redundant for table wms.basic_storeage_sapce: # CREATE INDEX `idx_store_district_space_no` ON `wms`.`basic_storeage_sapce` (`store_id`, `district_id`, `store_space_no`) USING BTREE # may be redundant or duplicate of: CREATE UNIQUE INDEX `idx_store_district_space_no_un` ON `wms`.`basic_storeage_sapce` (`store_id`, `district_id`, `store_space_no`) USING BTREE
——总结——
可以看到利用mysql-utilities工具集中的mysqlreplicate来配置MySQL主从非常简单，mysqlreplicate也提供了各类参数，本文中的-b是指使复制从主二进制日志中的第一个事件开始。mysqlrplcheck 中的-s是指输出show slave statusG的内容。由于笔者的水平有限，编写时间也很仓促，文中难免会出现一些错误或者不准确的地方，不妥之处恳请读者批评指正。
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